The Michelson Interferometer

Interference Pattern

In the experiment, the side mirrors were not exactly perpendicular to each other, so that the two half-beams approaching the screen were at slightly different angles.

When two light waves interfere along angled paths, a pattern of lines called a fringe pattern appears. Where crest meets crest, constructive interference occurs, forming a line on the screen. Where crest meets trough, destructive interference occurs, forming a void on the screen.

interference pattern

©2012 WGBH Educational Foundation. All Rights Reserved. Adapted from PlanetQuest: "SIM Lite Astrometric Observatory"/NASA/JPL. Images courtesy of Archival Photographic Files, apf6-00086, Special Collections Research Center, University of Chicago Library, and Library of Congress.